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Kotyara Dmitriy Florentiyevich Read the Article: Italian-Russian Orthographic Transcription: Elaboration of the Guidelines |
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| Despite the fact that Italian phonetics is relatively easy for Russian-speakers, transcription of Italian proper names into Russian always cause difficulties, and not only for those who do not know the language, but also for those who are acquainted with it more or less. But knowledge of spelling rules alone is not enough for correct transcription, it is also necessary to consider the traditional elements of transcription and all the minutest details of Italian phonetics. Some of such details are not considered even in the existing transcription rules. Moreover, there are several contradictions between the existing guidelines which makes it even more difficult to transcribe Italian proper names. The purpose of this article is to resolve the contradictions between the existing guidelines for Italian-Russian orthographic (practical) transcription and to supplement them with several points that were not looked into earlier. Taking the existing rules as a basis, the author gives his own guidelines for ItalianRussian orthographic transcription with a number of comments which touch upon several difficulties of proper names translation. The elaborated rules are recommended for use by all the persons and organisations publishing Russian-language texts where Italian proper names can be found.. | |||||||||||||||
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Key Words: orthographic transcription, transcription, Cyrillization, proper names, Russian language, Italian language |
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Sadov Mikhail Aleksandrovich The Research of Methods for Texts |
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| This research deals with analysing methods for texts classification for unbalanced data. The most effective of these methods was defined and implemented taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian language. It was found that the most effective way to workwith unbalanced data is to change the output threshold or classes weights rather than changing the distribution of the training data set randomly or synthetically. Thus, it was defined that the most effective approach is to use cost-sensitive methods. In order to verify the theoretical conclusions empirically, the task of classifying statements in Russian was selected depending on whether they are correct or contain any offensive content. As a result, it was found that the usage of cost-sensitive methods did not help to improve the results of the texts classification compared to training a model on moderately unbalanced data for this task. However, after conducting such an experiment using strongly skewed data, it was found that working with weighted models indeed leads to an improved classification result. |
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Key words: natural language processing, computational linguistics, applied linguistics, machine learning, unbalanced data. |
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Yenikeyev Anatoliy Anatolyevich, Mikhalevich Yelena Olegovna Sport as a Phenomenon of the Modern Society: Philosophical and Legal Characteristics |
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| The development of sports activities at international and national levels is impossible without a basic legal framework. As a result, legal regulation of the field of physical culture and sport is becoming increasingly important and needs further development. Both states and private sponsors invest in domestic and foreign sport, that is why legal purity of sports activities is very important. As sport is an important component of the life of the modern society and the state nowadays, the necessity to work out a competent and accurately elaborated definition of this phenomenon is beyond dispute. This article explains the notion of sport from different points of view: from the point of view of both legislators and scientists. The article provides philosophical and legal characteristic of sport and describes the problem of determining the legal status of sport. The authors propose their own definition of the phenomenon of sport as a field of social relations, activity in which is based on voluntary, collective, and professional principle as the aggregate of various kinds of sports which are formed as preparation, organisation, and holding of competitions by public authorities, sports and other organizations which have proper authority | |||||||||||
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Key words: sports, professional sports |
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Yenikeyev Anatoliy Anatolyevich, Usenko Anatoliy Sergeyevich Read the Article: On the Issue of Possible Application of Several Propositions of Buddhist Philosophy in the Field of Civil Procedure |
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| One of insufficiently explored research issues in legal philosophy is studying of the influence of Budhhism on the development of the civil procedure in the Russian Federation. Studying the issue of the influence of Budhhism on the legal norms of the civil procedure in Russia will allow to realise how strong the influence of this philosophical and religious teaching on the culture is. The authors raise the question of possible application of Buddhist guidelines in the field of civil procedure. Studying of civil procedure science in Russia touches indirectly upon the influence of religious dogmas on the development of the modern model of the subject of civil procedure. The authors analyse the possibility to compare the philosophical contexts of Buddhist guidelines with the theory of proof in the civil procedure. According to the authors, consciousness is involved in formation and fixation of physical processes. The authors come to the conclusion that the philosophical teachings of Buddhism can have a wholesome effect on the development of the civil process as it concerns legal consciousness of the truth. Attitude towards all the realities of life as towards separate essences may be useful for comprehension of civil procedure as a science during studying its basic principles |
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Key words: Buddhism, civil procedure, subject of civil procedure |
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Bocharova Yekaterina Alekseyevna, Gurnovich Tatyana Genrikhovna Problems of Attraction of Foreign Investments in the Economy of the Russian Federation |
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| One of the prerequisites of regular functioning of the modern Russian economy is high investment activity not only of Russian investors, but also of foreign participants of investment activities. In this article, the authors consider actual problems of attraction of foreign investments in the economy of the Russian Federation. The authors come to the conclusion that imperfection of Russian undercapitalisation rules is the main cause of decreasing number of foreign citizens and artificial persons willing to invest in objects of civil rights in the territory of the Russian Federation in order to make profit. The authors propose to make substantial changes to the current national foreign investments legislation and to the standard legal acts of taxes and duties, to elaborate complex government programmes with a glance to the experience of foreign countries. It is reasonable to conclude avoidance of double taxation agreements with those countries with which Russia works actively in the fields of economy and politics. Such measures will not only promote attraction of foreign capital to the sectors of Russian economy, but also will decrease flight of Russian capital to the other countries | |||||||||||
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Key words:foreign investments, capitalisation, investor, capital, direct foreign investments |
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| Abstract |
Bocharova Yekaterina Alekseyevna, Gurnovich Tatyana Genrikhovna Read the Article: |
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| Currently, one can observe a transition from the methods of managing currency risks to more detailed models of stress testing and scenario analysis which give an opportunity to influence the financial result of the activities of an organisation, as well as to take the changeability of the macroeconomic situation into account by means of the mechanisms of the market. In this connection, such method of managing currency risks as hedging becomes more popular. The authors consider the issues of currency risks management which is carried out by managing subjects of the real sectors of economy. The notion of hedging is examined from different points of view. According to the authors, this method of managing currenct risks is the most effective because it requires detailed and in-depth elaboration of a complex system of risks hedging, it also requires professional training of risk managers. The authors come to the conclusion that such method as hedging will become more common in the course of time |
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Key words: hedging, currency risks management, insurance |
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Britanov Bogdan Valeryevich |
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| The modern international migration policy faced the so-called European migrant crisis. National and legal, economic, demographic, and political instability revealed imperfection of the EU migration legislation. Nowadays, one fifth of the whole number of the world’s migrants live in European countries. Certainly, migration processes help to develop scientific and technical, investment, and trade and economic ties in European countries. If there is proper legal regulation, the issue of migrant crisis may shrink to a nullity and positively affect economics, policy, and demographic statistics of these countries. The authors thinks that a unified concept of migrants distribution across the EU countries should be developed in order to provide even load on the migration services of certain European countries. The author also proposes toughen national administrative legislation of a number of countries, particularly, to describe the provisions on administrative deportation in more detail. Such measure help not onlt to decrease the number of latent migration, but also to have a wholesome effect on the economy of the EU by more competent distribution of financial load between the countries | |||||||||||
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Key words: migration policy, migrant crisis, refugees |
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| Abstract |
Vasilevskaya Irina Dmitriyevna Read the Article: |
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| One of higher-priority directions of the state policy of law is protection of workers’ labour rights. The effective legislation has an undisputable merit which is that there is a lot of attention paid to the methods of workers’ and employers’ labour rights protection. But inconsistency of exsting court pratice and of the norms of legislation on labour arise many questions in theoretical and practical aspects. This served as a reason for writing this article. According to the authors, there are forms of labour rights protection that are not properly regulated in the labour standard acts. The author of the article also arises the question of abuse of labour right by workers. The author comes to the conclusion that a provision, according to which a worker must pay a fine in case of abuse of their rights, should be formalised on the legislative level. The size of a fine should be defined according to the number of appeals to the executive bodies from a citizen and the time spent on consideration of this appeal. |
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Key words: labour rights protection, Federal Labour Inspection, individual labour disputes, trial. |
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Ochakovskiy Viktor Aleksandrovich, Ryabokon Stanislav Sergeyevich, Esmer Metin Legal Regulation of the Luxury Tax in Foreign Countries and Introduction of This Tax in Russia |
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| The article touches upon comparative analysis of a luxury tax in foreign countries. The history of the luxury tax abroad is analysed. Such countries as France, the United Kingdom, the USA, and China are examined in more detail. A legal assessment of the foreign luxury tax is given, deficiencies in the international practice are revealed. Much attention is paid to the necessity to introduce this tax in the Russian Federation. The main problems of introduction of a luxury tax in Russia are discussed. The attempts to introduce this tax in Russia are analysed. The history of this tax in Russia is studied. The authors of the article refer to the statements of government officials about this tax. Positive and negative aspects of this tax are marked out. The main problems of this tax today are revealed and the ways how to solve these problems are proposed. The examples of introduction of a luxury tax are given. The bills related to this tax are analysed. The aspects of the necessity to introduce this tax in Russia are discussed | |||||||||||
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Key Words: income, tax, luxury tax |
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Usenko Anatoliy Sergeyevich Read the Article: Solving of Certain Shareholder Disputes by Means of a Shareholders’ Agreement |
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| Reforming of civil legislation by making changes and additions to the Chapter 4 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation enhanced the role of a corporate agreement as a means of regulating of the relationships between the members of a business company. But non- principles coordination between new provisions on a corporate agreement in civil legislation and the other federal laws, as well as the absence of uniform court practice, prove that this research issue remains topical. The author studies a range of problems connected with solving corporate disputes by means of a corporate agreement. The author comes to the conclusion that one of the aims of entering into a corporate agreement will be creation of mechanisms that will protect an artificial person from possible corporate conflicts as concerns management and interest in business company. Another aim of concluding such an agreement is solving of existing conflict situations. |
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Key words: corporate agreement, corporate dispute, deadlock, English corporate law |
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